Pranav's Blog

One of many feature of Linux is that it supports numerous number of desktop environment.This enables user to select the suitable desktop environment. A Desktop Environment is an implementation of the desktop metaphor built as a collection of different user and system programs running on top of an operating system, and share a common GUI, also known as graphical shell. Some of the desktop environments are as follows:- 1) GNOME 3 Desktop It is most popular, free and open-source. It presents a activities overview for an easy access to basic tasks, provides a powerful search tool for users to access their work from any place. Uses Metacity as default window manager Supports desktop notifications using a convenient messaging system Enables on/off switching of desktop notifications and many more 2)Cinnamon Desktop Cinnamon desktop is a fork of GNOME desktop environment, it is the default desktop environment on Linux Mint together with MATE MDM display manager Muffi

There are 6 high level stages of a typical Linux boot process. 1)BIOS Performs some system integrity checks. Searches, loads, and executes the boot loader program. It looks for boot loader in floppy,cd-rom, or  hard drive. Once the boot loader program is detected and loaded into the memory, BIOS gives the control to it. BIOS loads and executes the MBR boot loader. 2)MBR It stands for Master Boot Record. It is loacated in the !st sector of the bootable disk. MBR is less than 512 bytes in size. The contains information about GRB. MBR loads and executes the GRB boot loader. 3) GRUB GRUB stands for Grand Unified Bootloader. GRUB displays a splash screen, waits for few seconds, if you dont enter anything, it loads the default kernel image as specified in the grub configuration file  4)Kernel Mounts the root file system. Kernel executes the /sbin/init program. 5) Init Init identifies the  default initlevel from

O pen Source is a software whose code is made available.  It has a license in which the copyright holder provides the right to study, change, and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose. The open source software development, or collaborative development from multiple independent sources, generates an increasing more diverse scope of design perspective than any one company is capable of developing and sustaining long term. The license has free redistribution.The license shall not require a royalty or other fee for sale. The program must include source code, and must allow distribution in source code as well as compiled form. The source code must be preferred form in which a programmer would modify the program. Deliberately obfuscated code is not allowed. The license must not place restrictions on other software that is distributed along with the licensed software. No provision of the license may be predicated on any individual technology or  style of interface.

COMMERCIAL LINUX DISTRIBUTION Linux isn't a complete operating system - it's just a kernel. Linux distributions take the Linux kernel and combine it with other free software to create complete packages. These are called as Linux distributions or Linux distro. There are many Linux distro available. Some of them are as follows:- 1)UBUNTU Ubuntu is most popular Linux distro. It is based on Debian. i.e. Debian and Ubuntu have many software repositories in common. Ubuntu also has some different repositories. Ubuntu uses GNOME 2 desktop environment,now it is using Unity desktop environment . It releases a more stable version every 6 months. Ubuntu is currently working on Ubuntu distro on smartphones and tablets. 2)LINUX MINT Mint is built on top of Ubuntu. It uses Ubuntu's repositories. It doesn't use Unity desktop but they use Cinnamon or MATE desktop. 3)FEDORA Fedora is sponsored by Red Hat, and is foundation for Red Hat Enterprise Linux project.

D ifference between Windows and Linux File System : Some of the important differences between Windows & Linux File Systems are as follows:- 1)Windows shows partitions of hard drive as drive letters [for e.g. C drive, D drive]. Each file system has its own letters.   Linux doesn't have drive letters.Instead. all files are accessible at arbitrary directories.  Everything   is under root directory. There are no files above root directory. 2)Windows uses backslashes [C:\Users] while Linux uses forward slashes [/home/name]. 3)Naming a file in Windows is not case sensitive [FILENAME & filename are same] while naming a file in Linux is case sensitive  [ FILENAME & filename are different]. 4)On Windows one cannot delete a file if it is open. But in Linux one can delete the file even if it is open. Linux application don't exclusively lock . 5)In Windows when you write on a file it is directly flushed on disk, whereas on Linux some data

Chapter 1 BASIC ACCOUNTING TERMINOLOGY 1. Accounts Receivable –   AR [1]  The amount of money owed by your customers after goods or services have been delivered and/or used. 2. Accounting   –   ACCG   Asystematic way of recording and reporting  financial  transactions. 3 .  Accounts Payable –   AP The amount of money you owe creditors (suppliers, etc.) in return for good and/or services they have delivered.   4 .  Assets (Fixed and Current) –   FA   and   CA Current assets are those that will be used within one year. Typically this could be cash, inventory or accounts receivable. Fixed assets (non-current) are more long-term and will likely provide benefits to a company for more than one year, such as a building, land or machinery.  5 .  Balance Sheet –   BS  A  financial  report that summarizes a company's assets (what it owns), liabilities (what it owes) and owner’s equity at a given time. 6. Capital –   CAP   A financial  asset  and its value, su